A
advise 劝告；建议
advise sb to do sth:
The doctor advised me to rest for a few days.医生建议我休息几天。
advise doing sth:
I strongly advise buying the ticket at once.
我强烈建议立刻买票。
allow 允许
allow sb / sth to do sth:People aren’t allowed to eat food on the underground in Nanjing.在南京，地铁上禁止人们吃东西。
allow sb sth:My father allows himself three cigarettes a day.我爸爸给自己规定，一天抽三根烟。
ask 询问；要求；请求
ask sb sth:They see a lady. They ask her the way.他们看见一位女士，向她问路。
ask (sb) about sth:They call me about twice a month to ask about my study.他们每个月给我打两次电话来询问我的学习情况。
ask (sb) to do sth:Kate asks her father to stop smoking.凯特让她的父亲戒烟。
ask (sb) for sth:Now I am writing to ask you for help.我现在写信请你帮忙。
agree 同意；赞同agree to do sth:Mum and Dad have agreed to have a party at home.妈妈和爸爸已经同意在家里举办一次聚会。
● agree on 对……达成一致
● agree to 赞同；赞成
● agree with 同意；赞同
B
begin (began, begun) 开始；开始进行；开始出现
begin doing / to do sth:Bill began learning / to learn to play the piano at the age of five.比尔五岁时开始学习弹钢琴。● to begin with 首先；第一
believe 相信 it is believed + (that) 从句：It is believed that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.人们认为互联网有利也有弊。
believe ... to be sth: She was believed to be the first H7N9 patient in China.她被认为是中国首例H7N9患者。
● believe in sb / sth 相信某人 / 某事物的存在
● believe it or not 信不信由你
borrow 借；借入
borrow sth from sb: I borrowed some interesting books from my friend.我从朋友那里借了一些有趣的书。
break (broke, broken) 破碎，坏掉，打破，违反
● break away (from) 离开 (……)；脱离 (……)
● break down (汽车、机器等) 出故障；垮掉；打破；消除；分解
● break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
● break off (使) 折断；中断
● break out (火灾、战争等) 爆发
● break up (使) 破碎；(使) 破裂
bring 带来；拿来
bring sb / sth with sb: Don’t forget to bring an umbrella with you.别忘了随身带把伞。
bring sb sth / bring sth for sb：Sports can bring us friends. / Sports can bring friends for us. 体育运动能让我们交到朋友。
bring sb / sth to sth / sb: Can I bring a friend to your birthday party?我能带个朋友去参加你的生日聚会吗？
● bring about 引起；造成
● bring along 带来；带上
● bring back 把…带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
● bring in 引入；赚得
● bring out 把……拿出来；使表现出
● bring up 抚养；养育；提出 (供讨论等)
buy (bought, bought) 买；购买
buy sb sth：I must buy myself a new sweater.我必须给自己买件新毛衣。
buy sth for sb / sth：I want to buy a red rose for my mother. 我想给我妈妈买一枝红玫瑰。
C
call 打电话；命名
● call back 回电话
● call off 取消
● call on / upon 号召；要求
● call up 打电话给
care 在意；关心
care about sth：
As a student, it’s very important to care about what we do in public.
作为一名学生，注意我们在公共场合的行为很重要。
care about sb：
He taught me to care about other people.
他教我关心别人。
● care for 照顾；照料
catch (caught, caught) 抓住；捕捉；赶上；感染上；领会
● be / get caught in 处于困境；遭遇
● catch a cold 感冒
● catch sb’s attention / eye 引起某人的注意
● catch up (with) 赶上；追上
change 改变；更换
change (from sth) to / into sth:
The traffic light has changed (from red) to green.
交通信号灯 (由红) 变绿了。
change sb / sth into / to sth:
It only takes less than 30 seconds to change a car into a plane.
把汽车变成飞机只需不到30秒钟的时间。
change sth with sb:
Can I change seats with you?
我可以和您换下座位吗？
change sb / sth (for sb / sth)：
This shirt is too small. I’ll have to change it for a bigger one.
这件衬衫太小了，我得换一件大点的。
choose (chose, chosen) 选择；挑选
choose (sb) to do sth:
Half of the students choose to go to big cities.
一半的学生选择去大城市。
choose sb as / for / to be:
They chose Roy as / for / to be monitor.
他们选了罗伊当班长。
come (came, come) 来；来到；到来；达到；处于
come to do sth:
Many people came to watch the birds.
许多人前来看鸟。
● come across 偶然遇到；碰见
● come along 跟着来；出现
● come back 回来
● come by 顺路拜访
● come down 下来；下降
● come down with 染上
● come from 出生于；来自；产自
● come in 进来
● come on 快点；加油
● come out 出版；发行
● come out of 从……出来
● come over 来访；拜访
● come up (to sb) 走近 (某人)；靠近 (某人)
● come up with 想出；提出
● when it comes to (doing) sth 在某方面；说到 (做) 某事
compare 对比；比较
compare A to / with B 把A同B作比较：
Compared with / to Fetion, WeChat is more popular now.
与飞信相比，现在微信更受欢迎。
consider 考虑；认为
consider doing sth:
Have you ever considered studying abroad?
你考虑过出国留学吗？
consider sb / sth (as / to be) sb / sth / adj :
He is considered (to be) one of the greatest writers in American history.
他被认为是美国历史上最伟大的作家之一。
consider it + adj / n + to do sth:
Arabs consider it very bad manners to eat with left hands.
阿拉伯人认为用左手吃饭很不礼貌。
continue 继续；持续；延续
continue doing / to do sth:
If we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse.
如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾，问题只会变得更严重。
She continued to work after her long vacation.
长假过后她又继续工作了。
cost (cost, cost) 价钱为；(使) 花费
cost (sb) sth:
The dictionary didn’t cost me much money.
这本字典没花我很多钱。
cost sth to do sth:
It costs 20 yuan to enter the swimming pool.
进入游泳池要花费20元。
cut (cut, cut) 切；割；剪；砍；割伤；剪短；削减；减少
● cut down 砍倒；减少；缩减
● cut in line 插队
● cut off 切掉；切断
● cut out 剪下；(从文字作品、文章中)删掉；剪出
● cut up 切碎；割碎
D
decide 决定；选定
decide to do sth:He decided to be a firefighter.他决定当一名消防员。● decide on / upon 决定；选定
depend 依靠；依赖；取决于
depend on 依靠；依赖；由……决定；取决于Your success depends on how hard you work at your lessons.你的成功取决于你学习的努力程度。
It / That (all) depends. 那得看情况。
— How long are you staying? 你打算待多久？
— I don’t know. It depends. 我不知道，那得看情况。
discuss 讨论；商议
discuss sth with sb Discuss the questions with your partner.与你的搭档讨论这些问题。
dream (dreamed / dreamt, dreamed / dreamt) 做梦；梦想
dream about / of sb / sth: I dreamed of / about him last night.我昨晚梦见他了。
dream about / of (doing) sth: He always dreamed of becoming a police officer.他一直梦想成为一名警官。
dress (给……) 穿衣服；穿……的衣服
dress sb (in sth): Can you dress the babies for me?你能替我给孩子们穿衣服吗？
● get dressed 穿好衣服
● dress up (给……) 穿上盛装；(给……) 乔装打扮
Eeducate 教育；教导；培养educate sb to do sth:The first Earth Day was celebrated in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.为了教育大家保护我们的星球，1970年庆祝了第一个地球日。
encourage 鼓励encourage sb to do sth: Mr Wang always encourages us to speak English in class.王老师总是鼓励我们课上说英语。
enjoy 喜欢；享受 enjoy doing sth: Kids there really enjoy playing football. 那里的孩子真的喜欢踢足球。 ● enjoy oneself 过得开心；玩得愉快
expect 预料；期望；指望 expect (sb / sth) to do sth:You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.你不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
explain 解释explain (sth) to sb:
The teacher kept explaining the use of the idiom to me until I understood it.老师一直给我解释这个习语的用法，直到我弄懂为止。
explain (to sb) + wh- to do:
I can explain how to do it.我可以解释怎么做。
● explain oneself 说明自己的意思；为自己的行为解释
F
fail 失败；不能；未能
fail to do sth:
He looks so different that they fail to recognise him.
他看上去大不一样，结果他们没认出他来。
fear 害怕；畏惧
fear to do / doing sth:
My daughter fears to speak in public.
我女儿害怕在公共场合讲话。
She fears walking alone at night.
她不敢在夜间独自行走。
feel (felt, felt) 感觉到；认为
feel sb / sth doing sth:
I felt a hand touching my shoulder.
我感到有只手在触摸我的肩膀。
feel sb / sth do sth:
I suddenly felt something brush against my arm.
我突然感觉到有东西在挠我的胳膊。
feel it ... to do sth:
I feel it necessary to tell her about it.
我认为有必要把这件事告诉她。
● feel like (doing) sth 想要某物；想做某事
● feel at home 感觉自在；无拘束
find (found, found) 找到；找回；发现；认为
find sb sth / find sth for sb:
Can you find me my bag? / Can you find my bag for me?
你能帮我找回包吗？
find sb / sth doing sth:
It is quite common to find her reading the newspaper.
人们经常看到她在读报。
find sb / sth + adj / adv / prep:
In Singapore, you’ll find a lot of food from China.
在新加坡，你会发现很多来自中国的食品。
find sth + adj / n:
I enjoy learning English and find grammar quite easy.
我喜欢学英语，并且认为语法非常简单。
find it + adj / n (to do sth):
I find it hard to speak English.
我觉得讲英语很难。
find out 查明；弄清 (情况)
① find out + wh- to do
② find out + (that) / wh-从句
finish 结束；完成
finish doing sth:
I finished cleaning the living room.
我打扫完客厅了。
fit (fitted / fit, fitted / fit) 适合
fit in (with) 适合；(与……) 合得来；适应：
I’m a new student in this school. I couldn’t fit in well.
我是这个学校的新生，还不是很适应。
force 强迫；迫使
force sb to do sth:
You cannot force him to do what he does not want to do.
你不能强迫他去做他不想做的事。
focus 集中；聚焦
focus (...) on / upon 集中 (……) 于；聚焦 (……) 于：
Please calm down and focus (your attention) on the test paper.
请平静下来，把注意力集中在试卷上。
forget (forgot, forgotten) 忘记
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事：
I forgot telling her the news.
我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。
forget to do sth 忘记要做某事：
Don’t forget to send the emails this evening.
不要忘记今晚把电子邮件发出去。
G
get (got, got / gotten) 得到；带来；到达；变得；说服；开始；渐渐
get sb / sth doing sth:
Can you really get that old car going again?
你真能让那辆旧车再跑起来吗？
get sb / sth to do sth: I got him to change his idea.我说服他改变了主意。
get sth done: I’ll go and get my hair cut. 我打算去理发。
get sth + adj : He got his clothes wet.他把衣服弄湿了。
get doing sth: He got talking to a woman on the bus. 他在公共汽车上跟一位女士攀谈起来。
get to do sth:
After a while, I got to like him.
过了一会儿，我开始喜欢他了。
● get along / on (with) (与……) 相处融洽；进展
● get away (from) 离开；摆脱
● get back 回来；返回；取回
● get down (从……) 下来
● get in 进入；(飞机、火车等) 抵达
● get into 进入；陷入；养成 (习惯)
● get off 下车；脱下 (衣服等)
● get on 上车 / 马上
● get out (of) (从……) 出去；离开；摆脱
● get over 越过 (墙等)；克服 (困难等)
● get through 通过；(电话) 打通
● get together 聚集；相聚一处
● get up 起床；起立
give (gave, given) 给；递给；赠予
give sb sth / give sth to sb:
I give my friends the red rose.
=I give the red rose to my friends.
我把红玫瑰给我的朋友们。
give sb sth / give sth to sb:
Can you give me some advice?
=Can you give some advice to me?
你能给我一些建议吗？
● give a smile / shout / kiss / hug 微笑 / 大喊 / 亲吻 / 拥抱。
● give a call 打个电话
● give a talk / speech 发表演讲
● give a party / concert 举办聚会 / 音乐会
● give away 送掉；赠送；泄露
● give back 归还
● give in 让步；屈服
● give off 发出 (气味、光、热等)
● give out 分发
● give up (doing sth) 放弃 (做某事)
go (went, gone) 走；做
● be going to do sth
I’m going to study science.我打算学理科。 I think it’s going to rain.我想，要下雨了。
● go on
What is going on here? 这里发生了什么事？The concert went on for hours.音乐会进行了几个小时。
① go on with sth: He must go on with his studies.他必须继续他的学业。
② go on doing sth: He was too tired to go on working. 他太累了，不能继续工作。
③ go on to do sth: After climbing the Great Wall, they went on to visit the Summer Palace.爬完长城后，他们接着去参观了颐和园。
● go about 从事；忙于；开始做
● go after 跟随 (follow)；追赶
● go against 违反；违背
● go ahead 开始做 / 进行；[用于祈使句] 请吧；说吧；做吧
● go around / round 四处走动
● go away 走开；离开；外出
● go back (to) 回去
● go by 过去；走过
● go down 下去；下落；下降
● go for 努力获取
● go in for 参加；从事
● go off 离去；发出声响；爆炸；(机器或设备) 停止运转
● go out 出去；外出；(灯火等) 熄灭
● go over 仔细检查；温习
● go through 穿过；经历；通过；仔细检查
● go up (温度、价格等) 上升；增长
● go with 陪……一起去；与……相配
● go without 没有……也行
● go wrong 出毛病；失败